Vergleich subjektiver Gesundheit mit Geschlecht und Rauchstatus in einer Stichprobe von Medizinstudenten

The assessment of the own health is often associated with mortality and the longterm outcome of diseases. It’s well documented, that in many studies is a gender difference in self-rated health. These findings were inconsistent and they were often seen by elder people. Using a questionaire, students of medicine in Marburg were be asked about sociodemographic characteristics, partnership, self-rated health, self-rated fitness, smoking behaviour and type of health insurance (with a view of the education of the parents). Then it was made a socioeconomic status index with the factors parental education and health insurance. It would accomplished a physical fitness assessment with 20 knee bends, to get authentic informations about the physical fitness. The german students were assessed separately, because there was also a group of non-german students. They were compared with the german group. A gender effect at the subjective health wasn’t seen. Most of the students assessed themselves their health as optimal or good. After a comparison with peer in the ALLBUS (a representive German population data) medicine students have a worse health. The female students of the foreign nationals had a worser subjective health than the male. 2) The analysis of the smoke behaviour showed, that smoker have a worse subjective health than non-smoker. Male and female students often answered for their health-appraisal optimal and good. In the answer optimal female students had a bigger difference between smoker and non-smoker than male students. The foreign nations group exhibits only a few female smokers, so it was not able to make good statements. For further inquiries the students should give answers, if they had quit smoking or want to stop it in the near future. To get more informations about the smoking behaviour, it would be meaningful to ask the students every year. 3) A big statistical coherence of subjective health and subjective fitness could be demonstrated with the objective fitness. The objective fitness was detected with a fitness test. Men showed a better subjective fitness than women. The students measured the resting puls rate bevor they did 20 knee bends. Following the efforts they should measure their exercise pulse and one minute later the recovery pulse. To get one fitness index a data reduction by factor analyze with the following set phrase was made: 0.729 • (P rest) + 0.609 • (P exe) + 0.814 • (P rec) = fitness index A low fitness index exhibits a good fitness, and a high fitness index shows a bad fitness. The best account was at 110,8 and the worst at 300 (mean 184). 4) In the next step it was analysed, if there is a coherence between the socioeconimic status (SES) index and the parental smoke status, the smoke status of the students, and the number of cigarettes. The analyses were made for both sexes and german and foreign students. There were coherences between smoke status parents and SES index. A higher SES index was correlated with a low number of cigarettes. The foreign students showed no significant results. 5) Discussion: At the subjective health the medicine students (smoker and non-smoker) had no sex specific differences. The cause could be the low age, or the non-responses of male interviews at illness. Are women ill, they although answer the questions, wherefore they demonstrate a worse subjective health. Some could think, that women have more interests at health topics than man. But this is in that study not reasonable, because all medicine students should have increase interests at medicine topics. It was also found a strong connection between objective and subjective fitness and a connection of both to the self-rated health. Finally there was seen in this study, that smoking has a bad effect on subjective health, subjective fitness and objective fitness at both sexes.