Molecular mechanisms of alarmones during bacterial stress responses
In the incessant effort of living and propagating, bacterial cells cope with environmental stress via the release of second messengers and/or alarmones that allow them to adapt swiftly. Such molecules are nucleotidebased and can be promptly generated when stress stimuli occur. According to the c...
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| Format: | Doctoral Thesis |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philipps-Universität Marburg
2023
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| Online Access: | PDF Full Text |
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| Summary: | In the incessant effort of living and propagating, bacterial cells cope with
environmental stress via the release of second messengers and/or
alarmones that allow them to adapt swiftly. Such molecules are nucleotidebased
and can be promptly generated when stress stimuli occur. According
to the cellular concentration of stress mediators, specific molecular targets
would be activated to modulate vital processes for bacterial survival and
proliferation. As soon as the stress is over, cells would repristinate the initial
concentration of the stress-coping mediators with deputed enzymes.
Overall, the aforementioned mechanisms fall in the definition of Bacterial
Stress Response (BSF).
The aim of the present doctoral thesis is to illustrate and discuss three published
scientific articles that contributed to the understanding of the BSF in
bacterial cells and the role of the stress mediators 5',5'''-diadenosine tetraphosphate
(Ap4A) and ppGpp and pppGpp (collectively (p)ppGpp).
The Publication #1 described how Ap4A could restrict the activity of the
essential enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) in Bacillus
subtilis in order to reprogram the levels of purine nucleotides during
heat shock. The present publication proposed IMPDH as the first physiologically
confirmed target of Ap4A in prokaryotes and characterized the
molecular mechanisms of how Ap4A inhibits IMPDH. The biological relevance
of the interaction Ap4A-IMPDH was further analyzed and proven
with in vivo experiments. |
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| DOI: | 10.17192/z2023.0525 |