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The Nuclear Proteins TP73 and CUL4A Confer Resistance to Cytarabine by Induction of Translesion DNA Synthesis via Mono-ubiquitination of PCNA
Resistance to cytarabine is a key problem in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To understand the molecular biology of resistance to cytarabine, a viability-based chemosensitizer screen was utilized. We screened synthetic lethal targets using 437 different small interfering RNAs (siRNA...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philipps-Universität Marburg
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text |
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| Summary: | Resistance to cytarabine is a key problem in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To understand the molecular biology of
resistance to cytarabine, a viability-based chemosensitizer screen was utilized. We screened synthetic lethal targets using 437 different
small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) directed against factors involved in DNA repair mechanisms and cytarabine as the chemical compound.
Three hits were identified: CUL4A, TP73, and RFC2. We show here that the ubiquitin ligase CULLIN 4A (CUL4A) and the tumor-suppressive
transcription factor p73 contribute to drug resistance by modulating DNA damage response. P73 confers resistance to cytarabine
therapy by transactivation of REV3L, encoding the catalytic subunit of translesion DNA polymerase ζ, and CUL4A probably by influencing
proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the polymerase switch towards error-prone translesion DNA polymerases. Abrogation of the
polymerase ζ by siRNA causes identical effects as siRNAs against CUL4A or TP73 and resensitizes cells towards cytarabine therapy in
vitro. As CUL4A needs to be activated by neddylation to facilitate the degradation of several proteins including PCNA, we propose a novel
explanation for the synergism between cytarabine and the neddylation inhibitor pevonedistat by inhibition of translesion synthesis. In keeping
with this, in AML patients treated with cytarabine, we found high expression of CUL4A and TP73 to be associated with poor prognosis. |
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| Item Description: | Gefördert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der UB Marburg. |
| Physical Description: | 10 Pages |
| DOI: | 10.1097/HS9.0000000000000708 |