Publikationsserver der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg

Titel:Transcriptional regulators employ chromatin modifiers to coordinate lineage-specific gene expression
Autor:Lenz, Jonathan
Weitere Beteiligte: Brehm, Alexander (Prof. Dr.)
Veröffentlicht:2021
URI:https://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2022/0011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2022.0011
URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:04-z2022-00119
DDC:610 Medizin
Titel (trans.):Transkriptionsregulatoren kooperieren mit Chromatin-modifizierenden Faktoren, um Zelltyp-spezifische Genexpression zu koordinieren
Publikationsdatum:2022-01-20
Lizenz:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Dokument

Schlagwörter:
Genregulation, differentiation, Hämatopoese, Differenzierung, Chromatin, gene regulation, chromatin, transcription, Taufliege, Transkription, Drosophila melanogaster, hematopoiesis

Summary:
In this thesis I am addressing the function of two transcriptional cofactors (U- shaped and dCoREST) and their interplay with epigenetic modifiers to regulate lin- eage-specific gene expression. Firstly, I shed light on the molecular functions of the hemocyte regulator U-shaped. I provide genome wide data supporting that Ush binds to regulatory elements and that it regulates the expression of a large number of genes including factors implicated in hemocyte function, cell cycle, and lipid metabolism. Ush maintains the proliferative capacity of embryonic hemocyte precursors. I show that different isoforms of Ush are expressed in Drosophila S2 cells and that one of them interacts with the dMi-2/dNuRD complex using a conserved N-terminal peptide. Indeed, Ush and dMi-2 cooccupy many genomic sites. While being dispensable for the regulation of genes implicated in cell cycle and lipid metabolism, dMi-2 is required specifically for the repression of he- mocyte-related genes. Moreover, Ush and dNuRD coregulate enhancer activity in lar- val lymph glands and cooperate in repressing hemocyte differentiation in vivo. Secondly, I and my coworkers identify protein complexes containing the transcrip- tional corepressor dCoREST. We show that dCoREST exists in at least three complex- es: LINT, dLSD1/dCoREST, and dG9a/dCoREST. Each of these assemblies is com- posed of a shared histone deacetylase core that contains dRPD3 and one or more dCoREST isoforms alongside complex-specific regulatory subunits. Genome wide transcriptomics led us to conclude that different complexes exert lineage-specific functions: While LINT is required for the repression of germ line-specific genes in a hemocyte progenitor cell line, the dLSD1/dCoREST complex inhibits the transcription of neuronal genes in the Drosophila germ line. Taken together, this study adds to the notion that the regulatory capacity of ubiqui- tous chromatin modifiers can be narrowed down to specific lineages by engaging with lineage-specific transcriptional cofactors, their isoforms, and distinct complexes.


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