Migration Inhibitory Factor und Prostaglandin E2 bei experimenteller Gingivitis in verschiedenen Altersgruppen

An experimental gingivitis study design was used to compare crevicular fluid concentrations of Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in young (18 to 30 years) and older (46 to 77 years) healthy adults. Subjects received professional tooth cleaning and oral hygiene instruction over a period of three weeks. At baseline clinical data were recorded and samples were collected for immunological analysis. Subjects were then instructed to avoid any form of oral hygiene during 2 weeks. Examinations were repeated on day 8 and 15. At the end of the study, all subjects received professional tooth cleaning. The following parameters were recorded at 4 sites per tooth (mesial, distal, buccal, lingual): plaque index (Silness & Löe 1964), gingival index (Löe & Silness 1963), periodontal probing depth, bleeding on probing, gingival recession and clinical attachment level. Gingival crevicular fluid was collected at mesial and distal sites of upper incisors, first premolar and first molar. The crevicular fluid from the mesial tooth surfaces was used for the analysis of MIF concentrations by a MIF-specific sandwich ELISA. The crevicular fluid from the distal surfaces was used to determine PGE2 concentration by commercial PGE2 EIA. In both age groups a significant increase in plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing was observed during experimental gingivitis. No significant differences were found between age-groups for clinical parameters at any experimental period. For Prostaglandin E2, the statistics revealed no difference between the groups, although all values for the older subjects were higher than for the younger ones. The Wilcoxon test showed no statistical significance for the increases in both groups. High concentrations of MIF were identified in both age groups at baseline. The increase in the younger and the decrease in the older group did not reach significance. However, the difference between the groups according to the Mann-Whitney-U-Test was significant on day 8. MIF concentration was correlated with Bleeding on Probing in the older age group. In summary, all clinical parameters were significantly increased following 14 days of experimental gingivitis. Concluding from the similar rise of the different parameters the extent of gingival inflammation did not differ between both age groups. The immunological analysis showed that MIF was detectable in high concentrations in gingival crevicular fluid both in healthy and inflamed conditions. During experimental gingivitis, MIF concentration was significantly higher in younger subjects than in the older ones. For PGE2, the increase in the course of the study and the differences between the groups did not reach statistical significance. A correlation between MIF and PGE2 in gingival crevicular fluid could not be detected.