Investigation of the Association between Sleep Disorders with Subsequent Depression in Children and Adolescents : A Retrospective Cohort Study with 62,796 Patients
Background: Poor quality of sleep is a widespread issue in modern society, and even children are being diagnosed with sleep disorders nowadays. Sleep disruption in children can lead to poor mental health in the long term. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between sleep disorders...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philipps-Universität Marburg
2024
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text |
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| Summary: | Background: Poor quality of sleep is a widespread issue in modern society, and even
children are being diagnosed with sleep disorders nowadays. Sleep disruption in children can lead to
poor mental health in the long term. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between
sleep disorders and subsequent depression in children and adolescents. Methods: This retrospective
cohort study used electronic medical records from the IQVIATM Disease Analyzer database. It
included children and adolescents aged 6–16 with an initial diagnosis of a sleep disorder and ageand
gender-matched patients without sleep disorders treated by one of 274 office-based pediatricians
in Germany between January 2010 and December 2022. The five-year cumulative incidence of
depression in the cohorts with and without sleep disorders was studied with Kaplan–Meier curves
using the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess the association
between sleep disorders and depression. Results: The present study included 10,466 children and
adolescents with and 52,330 without sleep disorder diagnosis (mean age 10 ± 3 years, 48% female).
Within five years after the index date, 5% of sleep disorder patients and 2% of the matched non-sleep
disorder cohort had been diagnosed with depression. A strong and significant association was
observed between sleep disorders and subsequent depression (HR: 2.34; 95% CI: 2.09–2.63). This
association was stronger in adolescents (HR: 3.78; 95% CI: 3.13–4.56) than in children. Upon the
exclusion of depression diagnoses in the first year after the index date, the association between sleep
disorders and depression remained strong and significant (HR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.68–2.19). Conclusions:
This study indicates a strong and significant association between sleep disorders and depression. |
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| Item Description: | Gefördert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der UB Marburg. |
| Physical Description: | 9 Pages |
| DOI: | 10.3390/children11070758 |