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Radiotracers for Imaging of Inflammatory Biomarkers TSPO and COX-2 in the Brain and in the Periphery
Inflammation involves the activation of innate immune cells and is believed to play an important role in the development and progression of both infectious and non-infectious diseases such as neurodegeneration, autoimmune diseases, pulmonary and cancer. Inflammation in the brain is marked by the...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philipps-Universität Marburg
2023
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text |
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| Summary: | Inflammation involves the activation of innate immune cells and is believed to play an
important role in the development and progression of both infectious and non-infectious diseases
such as neurodegeneration, autoimmune diseases, pulmonary and cancer. Inflammation in the brain
is marked by the upregulation of translocator protein (TSPO) in microglia. High TSPO levels are
also found, for example, in macrophages in cases of rheumatoid arthritis and in malignant tumor
cells compared to their relatively low physiological expression. The same applies for cyclooxgenase-2
(COX-2), which is constitutively expressed in the kidney, brain, thymus and gastrointestinal tract,
but induced in microglia, macrophages and synoviocytes during inflammation. This puts TSPO and
COX-2 in the spotlight as important targets for the diagnosis of inflammation. Imaging modalities,
such as positron emission tomography and single-photon emission tomography, can be used to
localize inflammatory processes and to track their progression over time. They could also enable the
monitoring of the efficacy of therapy and predict its outcome. This review focuses on the current
development of PET and SPECT tracers, not only for the detection of neuroinflammation, but also
for emerging diagnostic measures in infectious and other non-infectious diseases such as rheumatic
arthritis, cancer, cardiac inflammation and in lung diseases. |
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| Item Description: | Gefördert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der UB Marburg. |
| DOI: | 10.3390/ijms242417419 |