Understanding the Combined Effects of Land Cover, Precipitation and Catchment Size on Nitrogen and Discharge - A Case Study of the Mississippi River Basin
Biological processes of rivers are strongly influenced by concentration and fluxes of nitrogen (N) levels. In order to restrain eutrophication, which is typically caused by urbanisation and agricultural expansion, nitrogen levels must be carefully controlled. Data from 2013 to 2017 were gathered...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Philipps-Universität Marburg
2022
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | PDF Full Text |
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| Summary: | Biological processes of rivers are strongly influenced by concentration and fluxes of nitrogen
(N) levels. In order to restrain eutrophication, which is typically caused by urbanisation and
agricultural expansion, nitrogen levels must be carefully controlled. Data from 2013 to 2017 were
gathered from 26 sub-catchments in the Mississippi River basin to assess the effects that catchment
size, land cover, and precipitation can have on the discharge and total nitrogen (TN) and how TN
yields deviate from a generalised local trend. The findings indicated that land cover and precipitation
had a determinative effect on area-weighted discharge (Qarea). More specifically, Qarea had significant
positive (directly proportional) relationships with precipitation, forest, and urbanised land cover, and
significant negative (inversely proportional) relationships with grassland/pasture and scrub/shrub
land covers. Concurrently, the TN concentration significantly increased in the presence of agricultural
land cover, but significantly decreased in forest land cover. The TN yield (TN concentration � Qarea)
was largely determined by Qarea because the latter was observed to fluctuate more dramatically than
concentration levels. Consequently, the TN yield exhibited the same relationships that Qarea had
with precipitation and land covers. The TN yield changed significantly (p < 0.05) and positively
with instantaneous discharge across all sites. Nevertheless, the rate of TN yield variations with
discharge displayed a significant (p < 0.0001) negative (r2 = 0.80) relation with the catchment size.
Ultimately, this study used discharge readings to facilitate the prediction of TN concentrations and
yields across various catchment areas in the Mississippi River basin and provided a robust model for
future research in this area. |
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| Item Description: | Gefördert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der UB Marburg. |
| Physical Description: | 16 Pages |
| DOI: | 10.3390/w14060865 |