Dokument

Summary:
The renewal effect is the recovery of an extinguished response that occurs when the target stimulus is presented outside of the extinction context. Renewal is relevant because it offers an explanation for relapse, which is frequent after exposure-based treatments. The renewal effect thus shows that the original problematic behavior will recover when the patient leaves the treatment context. Due to this problem some manipulations have been experimentally examined, that could potentially prevent relapse. Bouton (1991) suggested that conducting extinction in multiple contexts, and the use of retrieval cues for extinction, could be useful in preventing relapse. The present work examined the associative mechanisms of both manipulations. Contemporary learning theories can be divided in two classes of mechanisms. The Rescorla-Wagner model, for instance, sees the context as another CS that can enter into a direct association with the US. Bouton’s retrieval model assumes on the other hand that contextual cues modulate the retrieval of the complete CS-US association. To differentiate between both accounts this work was based on previous studies that manipulated the associative history of contextual cues to examine their associative mechanisms. The first part of the thesis examined the effect of extinction in multiple contexts on renewal when additional excitatory trials are presented in the extinction context. The second part examined the effect of retrieval cues on renewal when the associative history of each retrieval cue is manipulated. The results showed that a direct association with the US is not necessary for both manipulations to attenuate renewal. Thus, the results of the present studies are consistent with the idea that both contexts and retrieval cues help recall the memory of the CS-US association.

Bibliographie / References

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8. Additional Information Languages: German (advanced), English (advanced), Spanish (native speaker).
9. Address: Carl-Strehl-Straße 1, 35039 Marburg, Germany.
10. Javier Bustamante, and is part of his doctoral project. We also thank Kathrin Bahlinger, Joanna Buryn-Weizel, Dominik Deffner, Barnd Hengstebeck, Lukas Herbst, Jascha Kristek, Anne-Marie Leonhardt, Simon Samstag, and Francisco Wilhelm for their help with data collection.
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12. August – December 2009: Assistant Professor at the course " Cognitive-behavioral Psychology " , Alberto Hurtado University.
13. March 2005 – December 2010: Assistant Professor at the course " Learning Psychology " , University of Chile.
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16. Curriculum Vitae Personal Information Name: Javier Bustamante Alvarez Date and Place of Birth: 20.03.1986, Santiago de Chile. Nationality: Chilean.
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18. E-Mail: javier.bustamante@staff.uni-marburg.de Academic Background Since October 2011: PhD-Student, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg.
19. E-Mail: je.bustamante@gmail.com Office Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-Universität Marburg Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany Phone: (+49)06421-2823782
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21. April – July 2014: Lecturer at the course " Wahrnehmungspsychologie " (Psychology of Perception), Philipps-Universität Marburg.
22. Thesis: " Mechanisms of contextual control: The role of cue-outcome associations in renewal " .
23. Others November 2008: Member of the organizing Committee of the 1st Congress of Ethology and 3rd Meeting of Comparative Psychology, Santiago de Chile.
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25. June 2010: Professional habilitation (Título profesional), Psychology, University of Chile. March 2004 – December 2008: Degree (Licenciatura) in Psychology, University of Chile.
26. Awards April 2011 – April 2015: Reciprocal Scholarship of the DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst -German Academic Exchange Service) for doctoral studies in Germany. March 2004 – December 2008: Beca " Bicentenario " ( " Bicentennial " Scholarship), scholarship of the Chilean Government for talented students of low economic extraction. Indexed Publications
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29. Supervisor(s): Prof. Dr. Harald Lachnit (primary), Philipps-Universität Marburg. Prof. Dr.
30. Dibbets, P., & Maes, J.H.R. (2011). The effect of an extinction cue on ABA-renewal: Does valence matter? Learning and Motivation, 42, 133–144.
31. The research reported in this article was supported by a doctoral scholarship from the German Academic Exchange Service (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst-DAAD) granted to
32. February – July 2009: Internship in Personnel selection and Recruitment, Telefónica Chile S.A.
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