Dokument

Zusammenfassung:
Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Adsorptionsdynamik von Tetrahydrofuran, Trimethylamin und Cyclooctin auf der Si(001)-Oberfläche zu untersuchen. Es wurde gezeigt, dass alle drei Moleküle einen grundlegend unterschiedlichen Adsorptionspfad und damit verbunden unterschiedliche Potentialkurven aufweisen. Zur Charakterisierung der zugehörigen Adsorptionsdynamik wurde die Molekularstrahltechnik mit mehreren Analysemethoden, insbesondere zur Bestimmung von Haftkoeffizienten, kombiniert. Dazu zählt die King-and-Wells-Methode, die Messung optischen Frequenzverdopplung (SHG) an Oberflächen, sowie die Auger-Elektronen-Spektroskopie (AES). Durch die Verwendung der Molekularstrahltechnik konnten Adsorptionsexperimente insbesondere bei wohl definierter, variabler kinetischer Energie Ekin der Moleküle im Strahl durchgeführt werden. Die King-and-Wells-Methode sowie die Messung des SHG-Signals während der Strahlexposition erlaubten dabei eine in-situ-Messung des Haftkoeffizienten s beziehungsweise der Reaktivität der Adsorbate auf der Oberfläche. Die Kombination der Messung des Anfangshaftkoeffizienten s0 bei verschiedenen kinetischen Energien s0(Ekin) mit Messungen von s0 als Funktion der Oberflächentemperatur lassen weitgehende Aussagen über die Potentialkurve der untersuchten Systeme und der zugehörigen Adsorptionsdynamik, zum Beispiel bezüglich der Energiedissipation beim Oberflächenstoff zu. Mit Tetrahydrofuran wurde ein zyklischer Ether untersucht, der eigentlich als reaktionsträge gilt und gerade deswegen häufig als Lösungsmittel eingesetzt wird. Durch die hier durchgeführten Molekularstrahlexperimente konnte allerdings gezeigt werden, dass Tetrahydrofuran bei geringen Strahlenergien Ekin und Probentemperaturen Ts mit einem hohen Anfangshaftkoeffizienten von s0 ' 0:9 auf der Si(001)-Oberfläche adsorbiert, also eine hohe Reaktivität aufweist. Erst wenn eine Probentemperatur von ca. 350K überschritten wird, fällt der Anfangshaftkoeffiient ab, bis er bei ca. 700K unter s0 = 0:2 liegt. Dieser Verlauf des Anfangshaftkoeffizienten konnte qualitativ und quantitativ mit einer Adsorption unter Beteiligung eines Zwischenzustands beschrieben werden; die Differenz der Energiebarrieren für Desorption und Konversion in den Endzustand wurde zu "d

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