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Density Matrix Renormalization Group and Quantum Information applied to Quantum Critical Phenomena in One-Dimensional Systems
We investigate three different types of quantum phase transition occurring in quasi one-dimensional systems theoretically and numerically. First, we study the band-insulator to Mott-insulator transition occurring in charge-transfer complexes, for which the half-filled one-dimensional ionic Hubbard...
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| Format: | Dissertation |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philipps-Universität Marburg
2008
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| Online Zugang: | PDF-Volltext |
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| Zusammenfassung: | We investigate three different types of quantum phase transition occurring in quasi one-dimensional systems theoretically and numerically.
First, we study the band-insulator to Mott-insulator transition occurring in
charge-transfer complexes, for which the half-filled one-dimensional ionic Hubbard model is considered to be the prototype model. The study is carried out by first deriving an effective spin-one model, and then studying the model numerically using the density matrix renormalization group. We perform a careful finite-size scaling analysis of the mass gaps, order-parameters, and relative susceptibility. We confirm the existence of two quantum critical points. Analysis of the critical exponents confirms that the band-insulator-to-spontaneously-dimerized phase transition belong to the 2D Ising class. The spontaneously dimerized phase undergoes a phase transition to the Mott-insulator which is an infinite-order.
Second, we investigate the Mott metal-insulator transition for the half-filled
Hubbard model with both nearest-neighbor t and next-nearest-neighbor t′ hopping
terms. We study the model using the bosonization approach and density matrix renormalization group simulations. An effective low-energy Hamiltonian that describes the insulator-metal transition is derived. We present results of density matrix renormalization group calculations of spin and charge distribution in various sectors of the phase diagram. The numerical results support the picture derived from the effective theory and give evidence for the complete separation of the transitions involving the spin and the charge degrees of freedom.
Finally, we investigate quantum phase transitions phases in low-dimensional
fermionic and spin models that go from uniform to spatially inhomogeneous, i.e.,
dimerized, trimerized, or incommensurate, phases. We propose a new approach
based on studying the length dependence of the von Neumann entropy and its
corresponding Fourier spectrum for finite segments in the ground state of finite
chains. Peaks at a nonzero wave vector are indicators of oscillatory behavior
in decaying correlation functions and also provide significant information about
certain relevant features of the excitation spectrum; in particular, they can identify the wave vector of soft modes in critical models. |
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| Umfang: | 175 Seiten |
| DOI: | 10.17192/z2008.0777 |