Dokument

Zusammenfassung:
Einleitung: Laut dem Minderheitenstressmodell (Meyer, 2003) sagt eine lesbische, schwule oder bisexuelle Orientierung, mediiert über Minderheitenstressoren, psychische Symptome vorher. Das Modell wird durch eine Vielzahl westlicher Studien gestützt. Die vornehmlichen Ziele des Kumulus sind es, in Deutschland erstmalig auf Prävalenzunterschiede zwischen Lesben, Schwulen und Bisexuellen (LSB) versus Heterosexuellen zu testen sowie Zusammenhänge zwischen Minderheitenstress und psychischen Symptomen zu überprüfen. Methode: Es wurden vier Manuskripte erstellt, die Daten aus vier Ad-hoc-Stichproben sexueller Minderheiten, einer heterosexuellen Ad-hoc-Stichprobe und einer repräsentativen, männlichen Stichprobe untersuchten. Die Datenanalysen wurden mit IBM SPSS Statistics 22 und 24 durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: LSB gaben mehr psychische Symptome als Heterosexuelle an. Eine minoritäre sexuelle Identität sagte Minderheitenstress bzw. sexuellen Identitätsstress vorher, während dieser wiederum psychische Symptome bedingte. Gruppenbezogenes Coping und soziale Unterstützung moderierten die Zusammenhänge nicht. Zudem berichtete ein kleiner Anteil Heterosexueller von erlebtem sexuellem Identitätsstress. Diskussion: Der Kumulus bestätigt mehrere Vorhersagen des Minderheitenstressmodells und widerlegt andere. Ein adaptiertes Minderheitenstressmodell wird vorgestellt, das durch zukünftige Studien überprüft werden sollte. Minderheitenstress sollte flächendeckend verringert werden, um die psychische Gesundheit von LSB zu erhöhen.

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