Publikationsserver der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg
Titel:Kognition, Emotion und Verhaltensaspekte bei Medizinstudenten mit psychopathischen Verhaltensauffälligkeiten
Autor:Suleiman, Dina
Weitere Beteiligte: Thieme, Kati (Prof. Dr. )
Veröffentlicht:2017
URI:https://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2017/0760
URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:04-z2017-07606
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2017.0760
DDC:610 Medizin
Titel (trans.):Cognition, emotion and behavioral aspects in medical students with psychopathic tendencies
Publikationsdatum:2017-12-19
Lizenz:https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Dokument

Schlagwörter:

Zusammenfassung:
Psychopathie unter Studierenden ist ein relevantes Thema für das Miteinander zwischen Studierenden, für die Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung und für die Zusammenarbeit innerhalb eines medizinischen Teams. In Deutschland ist dieses sensible Thema aber weitestgehend unerforscht. In der vorliegenden Studie wurde überprüft, ob es mit Hilfe einer standardisierten Verhaltensbeobachtung möglich ist, Medizinstudierende mit psychopathischen Auffälligkeiten zu detektieren und die Selbsteinschätzung dieser Studierenden anhand eines Fragebogens zu überprüfen. Zudem war von Interesse, ob Studierende mit psychopathischen Auffälligkeiten in der Lage sind, sich nach einem Selbstsicherheitstraining im Gespräch mit einem Patienten empathischer zu verhalten. Zusätzlich war die Frage nach Spezifität und Sensitivität des verwendeten Kodierschemas von großem Interesse, ergänzt durch die Suche nach geeigneten Psychopathie-Kriterien, mit dem Ziel einer sinnvollen Reduktion des Kodierschemas. Es wurden 343 Studierende aus dem ersten und dritten Fachsemester Humanmedizin an der Philipps-Universität Marburg zu zwei Messzeitpunkten untersucht. Die Untersuchung erfolgte mit Hilfe einer acht minütigen standardisierten Verhaltensbeobachtung eines Patienten-Simulationsgespräches. Entsprechend unserer Hypothesen ergab die Untersuchung psychopathische Auffälligkeiten bei Medizinstudierenden (17,2 %, N = 59). Diese Studierenden waren nur eingeschränkt in der Lage, ihr Verhalten nach SST zu verändern. Empathisches Verhalten konnte nicht erlernt werden. In Bezug auf unsere methodische Fragestellung konnte für das Kodierschema eine Sensitivität von 0,49 und eine Spezifität von 0,93 ermittelt werden. Durch die Berechnung der Trennschärfe lässt sich der Kriterienkatalog um drei Kriterien sinnvoll reduzieren: Manipulation, aufbrausende Impulsivität und Dominanz. Der durch die Studie erbrachte Nachweis von psychopathischen Auffälligkeiten bei Studierenden der Medizin kann die Entwicklung von „Codes of business/medical Ethics“ fördern. Zukünftige Studien könnten Kriterien zur gezielten Auswahl von Bewerbern für den Studiengang der Humanmedizin erarbeiten. Unser Kriterienkatalog könnte dazu einen wertvollen Beitrag leisten.

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