Publikationsserver der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg
Titel:Die Zellwand-Hydrolase YocH aus Bacillus subtilis: Genetische Kontrolle durch das essentielle Zwei-Komponenten System YycFG, hohe Osmolarität und Kältestress.
Autor:Seibert, Tim Martin
Weitere Beteiligte: Bremer, Erhard (Prof. Dr.)
Veröffentlicht:2009
URI:https://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2010/0132
URN: urn:nbn:de:hebis:04-z2010-01327
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17192/z2010.0132
DDC: Biowissenschaften, Biologie
Titel (trans.):The cell wall hydrolase YocH from Bacillus subtilis: Genetic control by the essential two-component system YycFG, high osmolarity and cold stress.
Publikationsdatum:2010-05-12
Lizenz:https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC-NC/1.0/

Dokument

Schlagwörter:
Zellwand, Murein, osmotic stress, cold stress, Kältestress, Heubacillus, cell wall hydrolase, Zwei-Komponenten System YycFG, two-component system YycFG, Zellwand-Hydrolase, Osmotischer Stress

Zusammenfassung:
Bakterien besiedeln die unterschiedlichsten Lebensräume. Diese Habitate unterliegen oftmals großen Schwankungen biotischer und abiotischer Faktoren, denen die bakterielle Zelle ausgeliefert ist und auf die sie zeitgerecht reagieren muss, um ihr Wachstum und Überleben zu sichern. Das Habitat des Gram-positiven Bakteriums Bacillus subtilis sind die oberen Bodenschichten und die Rizosphäre. Hier nehmen zwei der wichtigsten abiotischen Wachstumsfaktoren unmittelbaren Einfluss auf die bakterielle Zelle. So ist B. subtilis durch Tag- und Nachtwechsel, Wetteränderungen und jahreszeitliche Unterschiede ständigen Schwankungen in Osmolarität und Temperatur unterworfen. DNA-Array Analysen bei B. subtilis haben gezeigt, dass eine Reihe von Genen, die im Zusammenhang mit dem Zellwandmetabolismus stehen durch hyperosmotische Bedingungen und adaptives Wachstum bei 15°C induziert werden (Steil et al., 2003, Budde et al., 2006). Dies deutet darauf hin, dass die von diesen Genen kodierten Proteine wesentliche Funktionen für die Anpassung der Zellwand-Struktur und -Zusammensetzung von B. subtilis unter Stress-Bediungungen ausüben. In diesem Zusammenhang konnten zuvor schon Veränderungen der Zellhülle - und insbesondere der Zellwand - als Antwort auf erhöhte Osmolarität und sinkende Wachstumstemperaturen bei verschiedenen Species nachgewiesen werden (Vijaranakul et al., 1995, Lopez et al., 1998, Lopez et al., 2000, Piuri et al., 2005, Palomino et al., 2008). Eines der durch die DNA-Arrays von osmotisch- und Kälte-gestressten B. subtilis Zellen in den Fokus des Interesses gerückten Gene ist yocH. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die genetische Regulation des yocH Gens und die Funktion des YocH Proteins näher charakterisiert. Es konnte durch biochemische Analyse des gereinigten YocH Proteins und durch Untersuchungen mit einer YocH-GFP Fusion gezeigt werden, dass YocH als eine Peptidoglykan-assoziierte Zellwandhydrolase fungiert. YocH spielt eine wichtige Rolle beim dynamischen Umbau des Peptidoglykans während des Wachstums unter Stressbedingungen, da eine yocH Mutante osmotisch sensitiv ist. Die Expression des yocH Gens unterliegt der Kontrolle durch das einzige essentielle Zwei-Komponenten Regulationssystem (YycFG) von B. subtilis (Howell et al., 2003; Dubrac et al., 2008). Die hier vorgelegten Daten erlauben erstmals einen genaueren Einblick in die Architektur der yocH Kontrollregion und in die Regulation der Expression von yocH in Antwort auf eine Erhöhung der Osmolarität und eine Absenkung der Wachstumstemperatur. Die Bedeutung des YycFG Systems und des „transition-state“ Regulators AbrB auf die Induzierbarkeit des yocH Promotors bei adaptivem Wachstum bei hoher Osmolarität und bei niedriger Temperatur (15°C) wurde herausgearbeitet.

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